Which of the following is a common adverse reaction to proton pump inhibitors?

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed to reduce stomach acid and treat conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcers. One notable adverse reaction associated with the long-term use of PPIs is an increased risk of fractures. This occurs because PPIs can impair calcium absorption in the gut, leading to reduced bone mineral density. When calcium is less absorbed, it can compromise bone health, potentially resulting in osteoporosis and an increased likelihood of fractures, especially in older adults.

Understanding this risk underscores the importance of monitoring patients on long-term PPI therapy, particularly those with other fracture risk factors or those who may already have diminished bone health. Awareness of this adverse effect is critical for healthcare providers when evaluating the benefits and risks of prolonged PPI therapy for patients.