HFHS Inpatient Nursing Pharmacology Practice Test

Furosemide is commonly prescribed as a diuretic because it belongs to a class of medications known as loop diuretics. It works by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending loop of Henle in the kidneys, leading to increased urine production. This mechanism is particularly effective for conditions that require rapid fluid removal, such as heart failure, edema, and hypertension. By promoting diuresis, furosemide helps reduce fluid overload, which can alleviate symptoms and improve patient outcomes.

In contrast, calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide, and sodium bicarbonate are not diuretics. Calcium carbonate is primarily used as a calcium supplement and antacid; magnesium oxide serves as a supplement for magnesium deficiency; and sodium bicarbonate is generally used to treat acidosis or as an antacid. Therefore, furosemide is the correct choice for a diuretic due to its specific action in promoting urine production and managing fluid balance.