Which adverse reaction is associated with inhaled corticosteroids?

Inhaled corticosteroids are commonly used in the management of respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). One of the well-known adverse reactions associated with their use is oral thrush, also known as oropharyngeal candidiasis. This occurs because inhaled corticosteroids can decrease local immune responses in the oral cavity, making it easier for opportunistic fungi like Candida to grow.

Patient education is vital when prescribing inhaled corticosteroids, as rinsing the mouth after use can help reduce the risk of developing oral thrush. While muscle cramps, increased heart rate, and excessive sweating are side effects associated with other medications or systemic steroid use, they are not specifically linked to inhaled corticosteroids. Hence, understanding the mechanism behind oral thrush helps healthcare providers anticipate potential side effects and educate patients on preventative measures effectively.