What is the primary effect of calcium channel blockers?

Calcium channel blockers primarily work by relaxing blood vessels, which leads to a reduction in blood pressure and a decrease in the workload of the heart. These medications inhibit the influx of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle and cardiac cells, resulting in vasodilation. This vasodilation not only lowers blood pressure but also increases blood flow to the heart by reducing the vascular resistance against which the heart must pump. The relaxation of arterial walls helps alleviate conditions such as hypertension and angina.

While calcium channel blockers can have some effect on heart rate, particularly in managing arrhythmias, their primary mechanism and the most significant therapeutic effect is the relaxation of blood vessels. This makes them essential in managing various cardiovascular conditions.