What is a common adverse reaction associated with ARBs?

Angioedema is a known and serious adverse reaction associated with angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). ARBs, such as losartan and valsartan, are primarily used to treat hypertension and heart failure by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels. While they are generally well-tolerated, a small subset of patients may develop angioedema, which is characterized by swelling of the deeper layers of the skin and mucous membranes, particularly in the face, lips, throat, and sometimes the gastrointestinal tract.

This reaction is primarily of concern because it can lead to airway compromise if the swelling occurs in the throat. Due to this potential for serious complications, monitoring for signs of angioedema is essential when patients are initiated on ARB therapy.

In contrast, the other options, while they may occur with other medications or conditions, are not the hallmark adverse effects associated with ARBs. Dizziness, rash, and constipation can occur with various medications but are not specifically linked to the use of ARBs in the context of serious adverse effects.